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Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP): An In-Depth Commentary

Historical Development of Dicapryl Phthalate

Interest in phthalates stretches back to the early days of modern plastics. As societies moved away from materials like shellac and bakelite, the chemical industry turned to compounds that could offer flexibility, durability, and greater manufacturing efficiency. Dicapryl Phthalate came into commercial use as industry demanded plasticizers that could deliver impressive performance in electrical cables, synthetic leathers, and adhesives. Demand for alternatives to shorter-chain phthalates with better safety records redirected research toward compounds like DCP. Chemical companies shaped the phthalate market, balancing industrial need for soft, workable polymers with mounting awareness of toxicity from older agents like DEHP and DBP. The story of DCP follows the wider story of industrial chemistry: each decade brings new market demands and evolving regulations to meet.

Product Overview and Core Characteristics

Dicapryl Phthalate is a plasticizer with a clear or faintly yellow appearance in liquid form. This ester, formed from phthalic acid and caprylic alcohol, pours with ease and resists forming crystals at room temperature. Its longevity and flexibility show why it finds use across wire insulation, artificial leathers, and coatings. The balance of high molecular weight and low volatility lets products stay flexible much longer than some alternatives. DCP resists water well, holds up in sunlight, and stands firm even when exposed to physical pressures, staying consistent in different environments for years. With phthalates facing tighter regulation, DCP offers better potential for manufacturers looking to support stability and comply with updated guidelines.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Dicapryl Phthalate’s molecular formula, C24H38O4, supports its function both as a plasticizer and chemical intermediate. The molecule, built around a phthalate backbone with two octyl branches, keeps a relatively low specific gravity, tipping the scales at about 0.95 to 0.98 g/cm³. Its pour point falls far below freezing, and its boiling mark stretches above 210°C—meaning DCP does not evaporate or degrade easily under fire in industrial processes. Alongside its low water solubility, DCP blends well with other plasticizers, oils, waxes, and resins. A faint odor may reveal itself during production or application, but it vanishes under ordinary use. Its chemical stability draws interest from polymer chemists who need reliable materials under long-term heat or light exposure.

Technical Specifications & Labeling Practices

Industry specifications for Dicapryl Phthalate rarely drift far: pure product should meet benchmarks for ester content, acid value, and refractive index. Commercial DCP often guarantees ester content above 99%, with an acid value under 0.1 mg KOH/g. Water content must stay below 0.1% to avoid process disruption, and specific gravity sits around 0.97 to keep compatibility with standard production equipment. Some manufacturers publish weight-per-gallon and color numbers as well, though color variations rarely cause end-use trouble outside specialty applications. Labels must note potential hazards, batch lot, and compliance with jurisdictional safety codes, reflecting a global chemical industry wary of both accidental exposure and legal action.

Preparation Method

Dicapryl Phthalate forms through esterification, bringing together phthalic anhydride with caprylic alcohol under acid catalysis. This process requires careful control of heat—usually in the 180–220°C range—and continuous removal of water formed during the reaction. After completion, the product goes through a series of washes to eliminate excess acid and catalyst, followed by vacuum stripping to drive off unreacted alcohol. Purity and yield depend on both the ratio of raw materials and the precision of the reaction setup. Continuous monitoring helps minimize the unwanted formation of by-products and off-odors, keeping DCP consistent between batches. Newer facilities incorporate closed systems, digital controls, and inline sensors to lower emissions, reduce energy demand, and increase product purity while meeting stringent environmental standards.

Chemical Reactions & Modifications

Chemically, DCP keeps a quietly reactive profile under normal storage and handling. High heat or strong bases, such as lye, can break down the ester structure, releasing phthalic acid and caprylic alcohol. This sensitivity shapes how scrap or spills must be managed in an industrial setting. DCP accepts blending with other plasticizers to fine-tune performance across polymers; for instance, pairing DCP with DINP or DOTP brings designers finer control over flexibility and migration resistance. Some research explores modifying DCP’s molecular structure with additives or extending the chain length to combat volatility, though such approaches often raise cost and can complicate regulatory approval. Still, traditional DCP’s balance of low cost, processability, and physical properties holds a firm grip on the market.

Synonyms & Product Naming

Market listings often show Dicapryl Phthalate under alternate names. Di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), DOP, dioctyl phthalate, and CAS number 131-17-9 appear frequently in shipping documents, technical bulletins, and regulatory filings. Outside English-speaking countries, labels might read phthalic acid dioctyl ester or similar translations. Trade names vary by manufacturer, with some global firms adopting branded series to denote purity, viscosity, or compatibility with target polymers. This variety in naming can trip up even seasoned chemists hunting for technical data; keeping aliases straight when comparing specification sheets protects buyers and researchers from costly sourcing mistakes.

Safety & Operational Standards

Concerns about phthalate exposure drive tighter control over handling and labeling. Workers dealing with liquid DCP must rely on gloves, goggles, and local ventilation. Spills clean up easily with inert absorbents, but workers need protocols for safe collection and disposal. Regular air monitoring in production areas aims to keep airborne droplets and vapors low. Regulations vary widely: Europe restricts use of some phthalates in toys and food-contact plastics, while other regions continue broader application but with labeling and exposure limits. U.S. OSHA and EU REACH documentation guide safe use, disposal routes, and emergency protocols. Firms invest in ongoing training for handling, medical surveillance for long-term exposure, and engineering controls that cut risk to both people and the environment.

Application Areas

DCP wins steady demand in electrical cable insulation, where long-term softness and heat resistance count for more than speed or price. Rubber and PVC compounding use DCP to deliver products with greater abrasion resistance and longer service life. Its compatibility with other plasticizers allows manufacturers to tweak flow, viscosity, and cold temperature performance for custom materials in flooring, flexible tubing, tarpaulins, and synthetic leather. In adhesives, DCP helps stop cracking in pressure-sensitive glues. Coating companies apply DCP-infused formulations to surfaces that take a beating—outdoor gear, automotive interiors, and industrial conveyor belts. Each industry draws on DCP’s resilience, weather-resistance, and non-brittle flexibility. Recent interest in medical-grade compounds sparked deeper research into low-migration and low-toxicity designs, though old concerns about phthalate exposure still limit medical and children’s product use in top markets.

Research & Development Trends

Phthalate substitutes drive a wave of technical innovation. Chemical engineers search for ways to blend traditional DCP benefits with environmentally friendlier profiles. Research teams in Asia and Europe test DCP variants with longer or branched chains, aiming for both reduced volatility and lower toxicity. Polymer scientists experiment with DCP blends in new copolymers, trying to push flexibility, UV-resistance, and recyclability beyond traditional designs. Trends in biodegradable plastics and stringent eco-labeling bring fresh scrutiny to every additive. Open-access journals now fill with studies benchmarking DCP’s migration rate, environmental breakdown, and impact on third-party certifications. As public pressure ties consumer safety to chemical sourcing, companies funnel R&D budgets toward traceability, real-time analytics, and greener feedstocks, hoping next-generation DCP will keep pace with shifting global rules.

Toxicity Research and Safety Data

Legacy phthalates such as DEHP and DBP left regulators wary; DCP research shows a less aggressive toxicity profile but does not remove all doubts. Animal tests indicate moderate acute oral toxicity, with concerns focusing on possible bioaccumulation and effects on liver and kidney function in long-term high exposure scenarios. DCP rarely triggers sensitization or allergic reactions on skin, and inhalation risks remain higher in production than in end-use. Regulatory agencies in Europe and America continue to track DCP’s status, citing gaps in human reproductive and developmental toxicity data. Emerging research shows that DCP migrates less readily from finished plastics than shorter-chain phthalates—a small but real improvement. Analysts review ongoing bio-monitoring for phthalate metabolites, updating occupational limits and environmental clean-up guidelines as new studies fill in the blanks. This area needs continued investment to dispel uncertainty, protect factory teams, and provide clarity for end-users.

Future Prospects

The road ahead for Dicapryl Phthalate ties to regulation, innovation, and market adaptation. As green chemistry takes hold, firms need to upgrade both manufacturing precision and the end-of-life profile of all plasticizers. Circularity, recyclability, and lower toxicity sit high on customers’ checklists. More industries adopt lifecycle assessment tools to track the real cost from extraction through disposal. DCP’s strengths—flexibility across a range of polymers, good process behavior, and a lower hazard profile than some siblings—keep it in the conversation even as stricter standards roll out worldwide. New manufacturing techniques, supply chain transparency through blockchain or RFID, and growing demand for “safe by design” materials shape investment. Researchers and companies focusing on continuous improvement will stand better equipped as regulations sharpen and new plastics markets open. The next decade looks promising for those who acknowledge the baggage of phthalates while delivering better safety and environmental credentials, without losing sight of real-world factory and product needs.



What is Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP) used for?

How Dicapryl Phthalate Shapes Everyday Products

Dicapryl phthalate usually pops up in conversations among manufacturers who work with plastics and polymers. This chemical, often shortened to DCP, lands right in the center of making materials more flexible and easier to use. As someone who has spent years learning about raw materials, I see DCP as a backstage player that surfacing only when you pay attention to what actually makes plastics bend and hold up under stress.

Take PVC for instance. Walk through any construction site, and you’ll spot pipes and flooring made from this tough yet bendable material. Companies add DCP to vinyl flooring and cable coatings because it transforms brittle plastic into something that handles daily wear much better. Its presence changes the game for manufacturers thinking about product durability. Traditional phthalates sometimes raise health or environment flags, but DCP falls in the family of higher molecular weight plasticizers, known for a little more stability and less tendency to leach out over time. That’s huge when you think about items you use every day, from your shower curtain to your electrical cords.

Not every job stays indoors. Garden hoses, synthetic leather, traffic cones—these all take a beating from sun, wind, and water. DCP helps them stand up to the elements, giving the finished item a smooth, reliable feel. I remember touring a plant where they pointed out how much easier it is to process vinyl with the right softener. DCP blends smoothly, helps pigments disperse evenly, and keeps things from turning brittle after a hot summer or a freeze.

Health and Environmental Considerations

Discussions around phthalates always lead to questions about safety. There’s good reason for that. Some old-school phthalates have lost their spot in toys and food packaging after health studies flagged problems. DCP is less likely to migrate out of a product, making it a more secure choice for plenty of uses. Even so, public awareness around chemicals remains high, and rightfully so.

Research points toward the need for steady safety testing, especially as science learns more about how plasticizers interact with the human body and the environment over decades. In the EU, for instance, regulations get tighter every few years. Producers must prove their softeners won’t slip into food or water supplies in meaningful amounts. As a user, checking for these certifications before bringing new DCP-containing items into a workplace or home pays off in peace of mind. That’s something I always urge friends to look for, especially in items that will see heavy, long-term use.

Where Industry Finds Solutions

Phthalate-free plasticizers keep gaining ground, yet costs and performance still matter. Factories that make consumer staples juggle tight margins and long customer lists. Some try bio-based alternatives, but those often bring trade-offs: higher prices or less reliability under tough conditions. DCP walks a line between performance and acceptability in many budgets.

In my experience, strong collaboration between chemical suppliers, manufacturers, and regulators sets better standards for what gets used. Open labeling, tougher testing, and transparency help buyers make informed choices. The chemical industry moves in small steps sometimes, but every step counts when it means safer, longer-lasting products at the end.

Is Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP) safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products?

People Want Safe Products

Cosmetic shelves fill up with new names and unpronounceable ingredients almost every year. Some ingredients come and go, but the safety of what touches our skin stays a big concern. Among these ingredients, Dicapryl Phthalate, also called DCP, leaves a lot of people scratching their heads. Is it safe? Should it worry us, or does it belong with all those other hard-to-pronounce compounds that rarely cross our minds?

Understanding DCP's Role

DCP acts as a plasticizer. In everyday language, it helps keep lotions smooth and easy to apply. Chemists like it because products with DCP feel lighter and spread better. DCP appears in creams, sunscreens, and sometimes even in makeup. If you’ve ever enjoyed the silky feel of certain lotions, you might have DCP to thank.

Concerns About Phthalates

There’s a catch. Over the last few decades, phthalates have drawn heavy scrutiny. Some phthalates—like DEHP and DBP—raise big red flags due to potential links to hormone disruption and risks to reproductive health. European regulators, the FDA, and advocacy groups keep a close eye on this broad group of chemicals.

But DCP doesn’t end up lumped together with those “bad” phthalates based on current science. Multiple toxicological reports, including detailed assessments by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel, say DCP doesn’t seem to act like the troublemakers. As of now, DCP hasn’t set off the same alarms as its relatives: studies show it’s less likely to absorb through the skin and doesn’t build up inside the body in worrying ways.

Trusted Sources Speak Up

Groups like the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) and the US CIR drew on animal studies, volunteer patch tests, and chemical breakdowns. Their work shows few reactions when DCP is used correctly. If you look through journals and regulatory summaries, real-world cases of allergy or irritation from typical cosmetic use are rare. DCP stands out as less risky than many of its cousins.

Transparency Still Matters

Even though most scientists set DCP apart from more notorious phthalates, room for concern never fully vanishes. A lot depends on the formulation, dose, and frequency. Sometimes, companies might lump it under “phthalates” on ingredient lists, which adds more public suspicion. In reality, all chemicals—natural or synthetic—deserve routine checks. What’s considered safe today might get reconsidered down the road, especially in people with unique sensitivities or after long-term use.

Avoiding Surprises and Building Trust

What do consumers really want? Straight answers and safety. Looking out for research from trusted organizations helps. If in doubt about a skin reaction, pausing to try new products on a small patch first offers simple protection. For brands, clear ingredient lists and honest communication about sourcing and testing make a huge difference. Regulators need to keep up routine reviews and demand transparency from manufacturers.

If regulators ever spot signs of trouble with DCP, rules change. For now, DCP doesn’t look like a villain among cosmetic ingredients. It sits under a microscope, but at typical levels found in personal care products, the science supports its safety.

What are the main properties and benefits of Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP)?

What Sets Dicapryl Phthalate Apart

Dicapryl Phthalate shows up in a place many people don't expect: it's hiding in everyday plastics and coatings. The main thing that makes DCP stand out is its role as a plasticizer. By design, plastic tends to be rigid and brittle. Factories add plasticizers like DCP to turn stiff films, cables, or vinyl floors into products that bend and flex without cracking.

Hands-on experience in the manufacturing sector reinforces DCP’s value. This compound handles temperature swings better than many other plasticizers. Drop a vinyl cable using DCP in freezing weather and it resists breaking. When the summer heat rolls in, it helps plastics stay cool-headed, less likely to slump or ooze.

Performance and Process Benefits

Processing ease makes DCP practical in industrial settings. In a busy plant, speed matters. DCP makes raw resin easier to blend and pour. Colleagues have described less struggle with clumps and quicker mix times. This has a direct effect on workflow and reduces unexpected shutdowns on the line.

DCP also resists migrating out of plastics. In real-world terms, it's less likely to make surfaces sticky over time. Take wall coverings or flexible hoses—products using DCP often look and feel new longer because the plasticizer stays put, helping them last through years of bending and handling.

Compatibility and Environmental Factors

One reason for DCP’s popularity: Its chemical structure lets it blend easily with various resins, especially those based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC). For manufacturers, this means avoiding costly reformulations. From a practical perspective, you get a better shot at reusing equipment and recipes as raw material prices shift.

Safety and environmental factors always enter the picture. DCP has a lower volatility compared to old-school plasticizers like dioctyl phthalate (DOP). Lower volatility means less chance of inhaling fumes during production or end-use. There’s a growing movement toward safer chemicals, so this counts for something, both in worker health and regulatory compliance.

Down-the-Line Impact and Solutions

It’s important to recognize where the challenges start. DCP comes from phthalic acid, so it sits in a category that faces ongoing scrutiny. While DCP does not show the same risk profile as shorter-chained cousins, long-term studies are still being done. From experience in regulatory review processes, products designed with DCP typically pass current safety guidelines—yet companies smartly keep an eye on science and policy developments.

A path forward involves exploring non-phthalate plasticizers without losing DCP’s unique advantages. Materials research has made strides, but DCP sticks around because few alternatives offer the same balance of flexibility, stability, and ease of processing at a reasonable price. Small- and medium-sized firms, in particular, rely on DCP to stay competitive without massive costs.

For buyers and designers, understanding DCP’s properties saves headaches later. Ask suppliers about chemical sources, processing conditions, and safety data. Real engagement about materials matters just as much as technical specs, and it sets up safer, more reliable products for everyone down the chain.

How should Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP) be stored and handled?

Why Storage Makes a Difference

Dicapryl Phthalate, or DCP, serves as a plasticizer in various industries. This liquid helps improve flexibility in materials, but, like many chemicals, it brings handling and storage challenges. My years around warehouses and labs have shown that even a small misstep with storage can turn a routine workday into an emergency. Chemicals, even the ones that seem manageable, call for more than just careful reading of a safety sheet. They ask for real, day-by-day vigilance.

Choosing the Right Storage Conditions

DCP prefers a cool, dry environment away from direct sunlight and strong heat sources. Sun beating through a storage room window or a sweltering warehouse in July both raise the risk of product breakdown or even fire. Temperature swings can push vapor pressure up or even start degradation. Moisture or unexpected humidity leads to unwanted reactions, possibly turning DCP from a handy tool into a real hazard.

I’ve seen what happens when drums or containers rest directly on a concrete floor. Moisture seeps up, increasing the odds of corrosion. In my experience, placing containers on racks or pallets guarantees fewer container failures and fewer slip-and-fall accidents from leaks. Aisles need to stay clear. Workers shouldn’t climb over containers or navigate cramped stacks.

Packing and Container Choice

Containers made of stainless steel or high-quality plastic withstand DCP well. Over time, cheap containers crack, which opens the door for spills and fumes. It pays to check markings and seals, making sure the label reflects what sits inside. In more than one facility walk-through, I’ve witnessed confusion when old markings linger. Cross-contamination risks go up and mistakes carry real consequences for workers and the environment.

Handling With Personal Protection in Mind

Pouring or transferring DCP without attention to ventilation increases the risk of irritating vapors or even respiratory problems. Open vents or windows give workers a much safer breathing zone. Nitrile gloves, goggles, and a standard lab coat offer a solid barrier against accidental splashes. Here’s something folks forget: working gloves need changing between tasks. Once gloves pick up a chemical, it’s not worth the risk of cross-contact or spreading irritation to the skin.

Spill Response and Emergency Steps

Spill kits must stay close to all workstations. A quick-response granulate or absorbent pad catches a small leak early. Early in my career, I watched colleagues spend precious minutes running across a large site for supplies. Having the right materials within an arm’s reach puts a lid on panic and keeps accidents from spiraling. Used absorbent pads or contaminated containers go directly into sealed hazardous waste containers—never into regular trash.

Keeping Records and Training Up To Date

Documented inspections keep storage in check. Regular reviews of containers, clear labeling, and updated training for anyone who handles DCP keep sites safe. In one facility, a quarterly checklist caught a pinhole leak before it turned into a spill. These little steps add up and mean fewer close calls, better compliance, and peace of mind for managers.

Proper handling and storage of Dicapryl Phthalate rest on practical habits, good equipment, and a safety mindset rooted in experience, not routine. Workers who take small steps seriously build safer facilities, better products, and healthier teams.

Is Dicapryl Phthalate (DCP) environmentally friendly or biodegradable?

A Closer Look at Plasticizers

Dicapryl Phthalate pops up in a lot of places—usually behind the scenes in plastics and adhesives. Most regular folks don’t see it listed on a bottle or a food package, but materials scientists and environmental researchers know this substance as a common plasticizer. In daily life, people rely on flexible cables, flooring, and even wallpapers softened or made workable by additives like dicapryl phthalate. Ease of use in manufacturing doesn’t always go hand-in-hand with long-term safety, though, especially for the planet.

What Happens to Dicapryl Phthalate in Nature?

Many businesses want a product that holds up under humidity, resists breaking, or keeps its shape in heat. Dicapryl Phthalate’s chemical makeup gives it these traits. Its low water solubility and moderate vapor pressure mean it lingers in products, doing its job over time. But after its working life, concerns arise. Unlike phthalates designed for quick breakdown, Dicapryl Phthalate sticks around. Once discarded in dumps or into water systems, its molecules don’t vanish or change quickly. Studies show that DCP takes a long time to decompose in natural soil or water conditions. Bacteria do break it down, but only at a snail’s pace.

Researchers at the European Chemicals Agency note that persistent organic contaminants like phthalates enter soil, rivers, and even the bodies of fish or birds. DCP behaves much like other general-use phthalates; it shows stability, sometimes moving into food chains through small aquatic life.

Why Longevity Becomes a Problem

Think about personal experience: garden hoses left outside in summer, or PVC floors walked on day after day, each lose plasticizer little by little. Over years, Dicapryl Phthalate vapor escapes into air or leaches into rainwater. These invisible leaks add up worldwide. Because DCP doesn’t degrade fast, accumulation becomes a health issue—studies have linked similar phthalates to hormone disruption and impacts on wildlife development. Environmental agencies flagged certain phthalates for strict regulation after finding damage to aquatic reproduction or soil quality in places where broken-down plastics pile up.

Stepping Toward Solutions

More people—including scientists, teachers, and even parents—want to cut down on harmful waste without giving up modern convenience. Switching to alternatives makes sense. Some companies already swap out persistent phthalates for vegetable oils, citrates, or even newer chemistries tailored to degrade quickly in sunlight or microbial-rich soil. These options keep plastics soft but clear regulatory hurdles on biodegradability. Researchers measure the breakdown rate, watching for a drop in toxicity in lab tests using real soil, not just glass vials.

Another piece of the answer involves changing how people handle used plastics. If manufacturers design products with easier tracking and recycling, dicapryl phthalate doesn’t slip out as often into air or water. Policies can help, too—tax credits for greener ingredients or labeling systems giving shoppers a true reading about breakdown potential.

Building on What’s Learned

Talking about Dicapryl Phthalate isn’t just for chemistry majors or regulators. Anyone using plastic-wrapped food, vinyl flooring, or cheap pool toys gets involved, even if only by voting with their wallet. Consumers shape supply chains by asking clear questions about what’s in a product and how long it lasts after being tossed. A growing push for transparency and responsibility keeps researchers and industries on their toes, driving safer and more earth-friendly choices over time.

Dicapryl Phthalate(DCP)
Names
Preferred IUPAC name bis(Decyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Other names Dicapryl phthalate
Decyl phthalate
Phthalic acid dicapryl ester
Di-n-octyl phthalate
n-Octyl phthalate
Pronunciation /daɪˈkæprəl ˈθæleɪt/
Identifiers
CAS Number 2432-87-3
Beilstein Reference 1462070
ChEBI CHEBI:34602
ChEMBL CHEMBL2104921
ChemSpider 72839
DrugBank DB14645
ECHA InfoCard 34f4d878-0acf-43c7-bab9-b8ae4d0f9bb7
EC Number 201-622-7
Gmelin Reference 787242
KEGG C16817
MeSH D004059
PubChem CID 8346
RTECS number TCV83645XX
UNII KXM16W6GXJ
UN number Not regulated
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID7020182
Properties
Chemical formula C26H38O4
Molar mass 418.62 g/mol
Appearance Colorless transparent oily liquid
Odor Odorless
Density 0.971 g/cm³
Solubility in water Insoluble
log P 6.12
Vapor pressure <0.01 hPa (20°C)
Acidity (pKa) >10
Refractive index (nD) 1.446~1.451
Viscosity 35-45 mPa·s (25℃)
Dipole moment 2.80 D
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) 472.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) -13,240 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code D04AA12
Hazards
GHS labelling GHS07, GHS08
Pictograms GHS07
Hazard statements No hazard statements.
Precautionary statements Precautionary statements: P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P362+P364, P501
Flash point > 220°C
Autoignition temperature 385°C
Lethal dose or concentration LD50 (Rat, oral): > 64,000 mg/kg
LD50 (median dose) LD50 (median dose) of Dicapryl Phthalate(DCP): 64,000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
NIOSH TI8750000
PEL (Permissible) Not established.
REL (Recommended) 10 mg/m³
IDLH (Immediate danger) No IDLH established.
Related compounds
Related compounds Diethyl phthalate
Dimethyl phthalate
Dibutyl phthalate
Diisononyl phthalate
Diisodecyl phthalate
Di-n-octyl phthalate
Benzyl butyl phthalate
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate