Chemical Name: 1,5-Dibromopentane
CAS Number: 111-24-0
Molecular Formula: C5H10Br2
Molecular Weight: 229.94 g/mol
Synonyms: Pentamethylene dibromide, Pentane-1,5-diyl dibromide
Recommended Use: Used in synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and organic intermediates. Industrial use only.
Supplier Information: Manufacturer or distributor contact details required for full traceability.
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (Oral, Dermal) - Category 4, Skin Irritant - Category 2, Eye Irritant - Category 2A, Aquatic Chronic - Category 3
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Pictograms: Exclamation Mark, Environment
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing fumes/vapors. Wear protective gloves/eye protection. Do not eat, drink or smoke during use. Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas.
Substance: 1,5-Dibromopentane
Purity: ≥ 98%
Chemical Family: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons
Impurities: None expected to contribute to classification or additional hazards under normal use as supplied.
Component Breakdown: No intentional mixture with other substances.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Keep at rest. Seek medical advice if feeling unwell or experiencing symptoms like cough, dizziness, shortness of breath.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for persistent irritation or if blistering develops.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for as long as comfortable. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Get medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical help. Symptoms may include nausea, abdominal pain, or central nervous system effects.
Most important symptoms/effects: Burning eyes, skin irritation, nausea, headache.
Advice for physicians: Treat symptomatically. Monitor for respiratory distress or systemic effects due to brominated compound exposure.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or alcohol-resistant foam. Water spray may help cool containers.
Specific Hazards: Releases toxic and corrosive gases including hydrogen bromide, carbon oxides on combustion.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective gear.
Special Fire Fighting Procedures: Move containers from fire area if this can be done without risk. Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent over-pressurization and rupture.
Further Information: Contaminated runoff from fire control may cause environmental contamination.
Personal Precautions: Eliminate all sources of ignition. Wear chemical splash goggles, protective gloves, clothing, and respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage. Avoid discharge into drains, water courses, or onto soil.
Methods for Cleaning Up: Absorb with inert material such as sand, earth, or vermiculite. Collect absorbed material in tightly sealed containers for disposal. Ventilate area after cleanup.
Notification: Report spills to authorities as required by national, regional, or local regulations.
Handling: Use in well-ventilated locations. Minimize contact with skin and eyes. Never eat, drink, or smoke in areas where chemicals are handled. Handle open containers with care, as vapors can accumulate.
Storage: Store tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from heat, flames, light, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and alkalis. Containers must be kept upright and protected from physical damage.
Other Precautions: Segregate from foodstuffs. Label all containers clearly. Train staff in correct handling practices.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established limit for 1,5-Dibromopentane, but maintain exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or local exhaust to keep airborne concentrations below threshold limit values. Provide eyewash stations and safety showers where there is potential for exposure.
Respiratory Protection: Wear NIOSH-certified respirators if ventilation is insufficient.
Hand Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves made from nitrile or neoprene.
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles or face shields.
Skin and Body Protection: Chemical-resistant lab coat or apron, closed shoes.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, face, and arms thoroughly after handling. Remove and wash contaminated clothing and protective equipment before reuse.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale-yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, sweetish
Odor Threshold: Data not available
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -14 °C
Boiling Point: ~227-228 °C
Flash Point: 113 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Data not available
Flammability: Not highly flammable
Vapor Pressure: 0.13 mmHg at 20 °C
Vapor Density: 7.95 (Air = 1)
Density: 1.807 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): ~2.9
Decomposition Temperature: Data not established
Viscosity: Data not available
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Reactvity: No dangerous reactions known under recommended conditions
Hazardous Reactions: Risk of hazardous polymerization is low. May react with strong oxidizers or alkalis.
Decomposition Products: Emits toxic fumes of hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide under fire conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: High temperature, open flames, exposure to moisture and light
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong bases, oxidizing agents
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat) ~ 980 mg/kg. Harmful in contact with skin or if swallowed.
Skin Irritation: Causes moderate skin irritation.
Eye Irritation: Causes moderate to severe irritation.
Sensitization: Not expected to be a skin sensitizer.
Chronic Effects: No chronic toxicity studies identified, but halogenated hydrocarbons may have liver and kidney effects, and central nervous system impacts.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA.
Mutagenicity: Insufficient data available.
Reproductive Toxicity: No data available.
Symptoms of Overexposure: Respiratory tract irritation, dizziness, nausea, headache, skin redness.
Medical Conditions Aggravated: Persons with respiratory, liver, or skin disorders may be more susceptible to effects.
Acute Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; LC50 (fish, 96-hr): 32 mg/L (estimated)
Chronic Aquatic Toxicity: May cause long-term adverse effects due to persistence in environment
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable; may remain in environment for extended periods
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate potential due to log Kow ~2.9
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile; potential for groundwater contamination exists, especially near spill sites
Other Adverse Effects: Brominated compounds disrupt ecosystem balance; release must be minimized to protect waterways and soils.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of content and container according to regional, national, and local environmental regulations. Use a licensed chemical waste disposal contractor.
Product Disposal: Incineration preferred, in approved facility with emission control. Do not dump into drains or environment.
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers must be triple rinsed and rendered unusable, then disposed as hazardous waste.
Precautions for Disposal: Avoid release to environment. Notify authorities in case of major spills or leaks with potential for environmental contamination.
UN Number: 2689
UN Proper Shipping Name: 1,5-Dibromopentane
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III (Minor danger)
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions: Protect containers from damage, keep upright during transport. Mark packaging clearly with hazard labels.
Transport in Bulk: Subject to International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG), International Air Transport Association (IATA), and relevant regional requirements.
Additional Requirements: Emergency response guide numbers and instructions should accompany shipments.
OSHA hazard status: Regulated as hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
EPCRA Section 302, 304, 313: Not listed specifically, but may require reporting depending on quantity used and facility type
TSCA Status: Listed on the Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
REACH Registration: Chemical registered in accordance with EU REACH where applicable
DSL/NDSL (Canada): Listed
SARA Title III: Chemical not categorized under SARA Title III Section 313
Other Requirements: National, state, and local regulations relating to chemical storage, handling, notification, environmental release, and employee protection may apply; consult regulatory authorities to ensure compliance.
